My name is Derek and I’m an intern at Variant, a crypto-native token fund investing in the ownership economy. The fund is one of Uniswap’s earliest investors.
Variant Fund believes that flipping the Uniswap fee switch should be further researched, but in the short run, scale and user acquisition should be prioritized over protocol revenue. We support researching the Uniswap fee switch for the following reasons:
- Even with the switch turned on, our hypothesis is that Uniswap could still offer the most competitive unincentived yields among leading DEXs.
- The additional protocol fees could be invested in ecosystem growth, treasury diversification, and other initiatives without placing selling pressure on the UNI token.
As the DEX space becomes increasingly competitive, protocol revenue could help Uniswap defend its leading position. Nevertheless, we believe there should be a more detailed use of funds before a grant of up to 1m UNI (~$10m) as stated in the Snapshot proposal is issued; a more suitable path might be requesting funds through the Uniswap Grants Program for this initial exploration. After a comprehensive use of funds is released, we support researching possible scenario models and timelines to switch on fees in the long run.
We feel various conditions and assumptions should be further researched in order to move forward with the fee switch. These include the following, among others:
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Low Impact on LPs - While Uniswap offers extremely competitive yields from trading volume alone, fee increases on other protocols could be used as benchmarks for sensitivity analysis to determine the switch’s potential impact; we believe that fees should be switched on if most liquidity is expected to remain on the platform.
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Market Leadership - Fees should not be switched on until Uniswap has a firm position as the leading DEX. Its network effects must create sufficient defensibility so it doesn’t lose volume to other DEXs. (The switch would have no direct effects on the demand-side of the marketplace; this condition is mostly looking into indirect effects such as the possibility of weaker liquidity, fewer token options, etc).
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Transparency - Although discussions around the fee switch have increased recently, we feel that the event should be made clear to LPs with forward guidance so there is not an emotional, short-term reaction that could impact liquidity.
We are supporters of a long-term approach to switching on fees for the two reasons stated above: Uniswap’s competitive yields and additional growth capital.
First, many in the community have expressed concerns that the fee switch could lead LPs to shift to other platforms. We believe that these concerns are over exaggerated and Uniswap will still offer one of the most competitive yield opportunities for LPs.
Trading Volume / TVL is a ratio that represents yield potential; it is proportional to trading fees collected per every dollar of LP capital. Uniswap’s Vol / TVL is tracking at ~3x Sushiswap’s, ~5x Bancor’s, and ~9x Balancer’s; even with some IL, Uniswap clearly offers the most competitive passive, organic yields. These metrics largely come from Uniswap controlling ~75% of the DEX market. Uniswap can maintain this position through strong network effects; it is commonly the first dApp for new crypto users, which drives volume growth and new token listings, further attracting LPs.
Importantly, even with the fee switch turned on and the parameter set to its maximum value (25% of total revenue), Uniswap will still offer the most competitive unincentivized yields:
Average APR with Max Fee Switch:
1. Uniswap = 13.1%
2. Sushiswap = 7.5%
3. Bancor = 2.4%
4. Balancer* = 2.2%
5. Curve = 1.3%
Notes: Average APR calculated by dividing annualized supply-side revenue by TVL (Source: Token Terminal)
*Balancer is currently facing a vote to increase its protocol fees
Second, new protocol fees could be used to ensure Uniswap maintains its position as a market leader. Below are example use cases for additional funds allocated to the treasury:
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Community development - Additional reserves could be used to hire community managers and bolster the value of Uniswap’s network through events, marketing, and Discord management.
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Business Development - Many parts of the crypto industry are gradually being moved on-chain; additionally, adoption of DeFi is still relatively low (~4m / 75m Ethereum wallets). Protocol revenue could be used to pursue additional partnerships and possible integrations with off-chain applications without being forced to spend UNI tokens.
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Treasury diversification - Uniswap has the largest treasury of any DAO; however, the protocol notably lacks any kind of treasury diversification as all reserves are held in UNI tokens. Additional revenue could be used to invest in stablecoins and blue chips without having to sell UNI and place downward pressure on the token’s price.
Importantly, these uses of funds aim to generate additional volume for the protocol and support the UNI token; in other words, LPs could see their yields actually increase from additional top-line revenue. In the long-run, revenue could be redistributed to token holders as well, but the more pressing need for funds is protocol development. These initiatives could be funded through the Uniswap treasury in the short run, but continuously funding them with UNI would place selling pressure on the token; we believe initiatives like these should be explored further.
The DEX space is becoming increasingly competitive; not only are peer AMMs launching additional features and upgrades, but alternative DEX models - notably orderbook-based - are also emerging quickly as alternatives to Uniswap. Protocol revenue should thus be considered a necessity to ensure Uniswap’s long-term success, and we firmly believe more research is required.